Birnbaum

Petach Tikvah פתח תקווה‎, meaning Opening of Hope, is known as Em HaMoshavot (Mother of the Moshavot, or Settlements).
in 1878, the name Petach Tikvah was chosen by its founders from the prophecy of Hosea (2:17),
"And I will give her vineyards from thence, and the Valley of Achor for an opening of hope: and she shall sing there, as in the days of her youth, and as in the day when she came up out of the land of Egypt."

In 1878, Petach Tikvah was founded by religious pioneers from Europe, led by Yehoshua Stampfer, Moshe Shmuel Raab, Yoel Moshe Salomon, Zerach Barnett, David Gutmann, and Lithuanian Rabbi Aryeh Leib Frumkin and Zev Wolf Branda.
Petach Tikvah was the first modern Jewish agricultural settlement in Ottoman Palestine.
The group originally intended to establish the settlement in the Achor Valley, near Jericho, where they had purchased land, but the Turkish Sultan cancelled the purchase, and forbade them from settling there,
They retained the name Petach Tikvah as a symbol of their aspirations, and purchased a modest area (3.40 square kilometers) from the village of Mulabbis (Mlabbes, Um-Labbes), near the source of the Yarkon River.